Ukuvula amathuba okuLima amakhowa eGreenhouse: Ukufikelela njani ekukhuleni ngokufanelekileyo

Ngokuhambela phambili kwitekhnoloji yezolimo, ukulinywa kwe-greenhouse kuye kwaba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwizityalo ezininzi, ngakumbi amakhowa, aneemfuno ezithile zokusingqongileyo.Amakhowa, njengefungus ezityiwayo ezithandwayo, zifuna iimeko ezichanekileyo ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nokukhanya ukuze kukhule ngokufanelekileyo.Iindawo zokuhlalazibonelela ngemekobume elawulwayo, evumela imveliso esebenzayo unyaka wonke. Ukongeza, ukukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwe-greenhouse lubalulekile njengoko luchaphazela kakhulu iziphumo ezikhulayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho. Landela uChengfeiIndlu yokukhulisa izityaloukuphonononga iinzuzo eziphambili zeindlu eluhlaza imashurumiukulima.

Izinto ezilungileyo zeIndlu yokukhulisa izityalo ImashurumiUkulima

*ULawulo lokusiNgqongileyo: Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo loBubushushu kunye nokufuma

Imashurumiukukhula kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwimiba yokusingqongileyo, ubushushu kunye nokufuma yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Elona qondo lobushushu liphezulu kuninziamakhowaiphakathi kwe-12-24 ° C, nangona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno ezithile. Umzekelo, amakhowa eshiitake akhula kakuhle phakathi kwe-18-22°C, ngelixa i-enokiamakhowabakhetha amaqondo apholileyo, malunga ne-10-15°C. Ukongeza,amakhowazifuna amanqanaba okufuma angama-80% -95%.
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokulinywa kwe-greenhouse kukukwazi ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ezi meko zokusingqongileyo. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo zokulawula ubushushu kunye nokufuma, abalimi banokuqinisekisa ukubaindlu eluhlazaihlala ngaphakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo lweimashurumiukukhula. Yangokuindlu eluhlazaitekhnoloji yenza ukuba iliso lexesha langempela lokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa kunye nokufuma kwaye linokuzihlengahlengisa ngokuzenzekelayo, libonelela ngokuzinza kwendawo yokukhula. Eli nqanaba lolawulo alinyusi nje kuphela isivuno kodwa linciphisa nelahleko ebangelwa kukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ebusika, xa amaqondo obushushu angaphandle ephantsi, inkqubo yokufudumeza i<em>greenhouse inokugcina ubushushu obufunekayo, nto leyo ethintela ukubanda kungachaphazeli ukukhula kwamakhowa. Ngokuchasene noko, ehlotyeni, iinkqubo zokupholisa zinceda ukukhusela ubushushu obugqithisileyo ukuba bome okanye bonakaliseamakhowa. Ukulawula ukufuma kubaluleke ngokulinganayo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-misting okanye izixhobo zokufumisa umphunga kuqinisekisa ukuba umoya uhlala ufumile, okuvumela amakhowa ukuba aphumelele kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo.

*ULawulo lweZitshabalalisi kunye neZifo: ukuNcitshiswa koPhando lwaNgaphandle

Amakhowa achaphazeleka kakhulu kwizinambuzane kunye nezifo, ngakumbi ukungunda kunye ne-nematodes, ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Indawo evalelweyo ye-greenhouse inciphisa umngcipheko wokungcoliseka ngaphandle, ivumela abalimi ukuba balawule ngcono iimeko zangaphakathi.iindawo zokugcina izityaloinokuthintela i-pathogens yangaphandle, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka. Ngaphezu koko, indawo evaliweyo inciphisa imfuno yezitshabalalisi zemichiza, iphucula ukhuseleko lwamakhowa kunye nokulungelelanisa iimfuno zabathengi zokhetho lokutya okunempilo. Ubuchule bolawulo lwebhayoloji, obufana nokwazisa iintsholongwane eziluncedo ukuthintela iintsholongwane eziyingozi, nazo zinokuphunyezwa ukomeleza.imashurumiukuxhathisa.

*Ukulinywa koNyaka kuMjikelo: Ukoyisa imida yeXesha

Indawo evulekileyo yemveliimashurumiUkulima kudla ngokuthintelwa yimozulu kunye nexesha lonyaka, kwaye kulinywa kuphela ngamaxesha afanelekileyo okukhula.Indlu yokukhulisa izityaloukulima kuphelisa lo mqobo, kuvumela imveliso yonyaka wonke ngokulawula okusingqongileyo. Kwiimveliso zamakhowa ezinemfuno ezinzileyo kunye nekhulayo yemarike, ukugcina unikezelo oluqhubekayo luluncedo olukhulu lwentengiso.

*Ukwandiswa kokuSebenza: UkuLima koXinano oluPhezulu kunye nokuZisebenzela

Iindawo zokuhlalakwakhona yenza ukuba uxinano oluphezuluimashurumiukulima, ukwandisa imveliso kwindawo encinci. Ngobuchule bale mihla obufana nokulima ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokulima ngokungenamhlaba, ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ngaphakathi kwendlu eluhlaza kuphuculwe kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo ezihlakaniphile zokulawula indalo zivumela ukuhlanganiswa kwezixhobo ezizenzekelayo, ukuphucula ulawulo olusebenzayo.Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo zokunkcenkceshela, ukuxubha, kunye nokukhupha umoya kunciphisa imfuno yomsebenzi wezandla, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokulungelelanisa inkqubo yokuvelisa.

*IMigangatho yoMgangatho oPhezulu

Indlu yokukhulisa izityaloukulima kunika indawo elawulwa kakhulu, evumelaamakhowaukukhula ngokuhambelana okukhulu kwinkangeleko, incasa, kunye nexabiso lesondlo. Xa kuthelekiswa nokulinywa kwangaphandle, i-greenhouse-ekhulileamakhowaabachatshazelwa kancinci kukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo, okukhokelela ekuvuthweni okufanayo kunye neemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Oku akuphuculi nje amaxabiso emarike kuphela kodwa kukwanceda ukuseka igama eliqinileyo lebrendi, kuzisa inzuzo yezoqoqosho yexesha elide kubalimi.

Iintlobo zeIindawo zokuhlalaUkulinywa kwamakhowa kunye neempawu zawo

Ukukhetha uhlobo olululo lweindlu eluhlazaibalulekile kwimpumeleloimashurumiukulima. Izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo ze-greenhouse zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ekugqumeni, ukungena komoya kunye nolawulo lokukhanya. Abalimi bafanele bacinge ngezinto ezifana nendawo, imozulu, nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali xa bekhetha igreenhouse.

*IiNdawo zokuHlala eziValwa ukukhanya: ZilungeleImashurumiUkulima

Kuba uninzi lwamakhowa alufuni kukhanya kwelanga ngexesha lokukhula kwawo, kwaye ezinye iindidi zisenokude zibe sesichengeni sokukhanya okuqinileyo, ukuthintela ukukhanya.iindawo zokugcina izityalolukhetho olugqibeleleyo. Ezi greenhouses zisebenzisa izinto zomthunzi ukugubungela uphahla kunye namacala, ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela ukukhanya okuninzi kwangaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimeko zangaphakathi zihlangabezana neemfuno zamakhowa.
Uyilo lokuthintela ukukhanyaiindawo zokugcina izityaloihlala igxininisa ukujikeleza komoya kunye nolawulo lokufuma. Inkqubo efanelekileyo yokungenisa umoya ilawula amanqanaba e-carbon dioxide ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse, ikhuthaza iinkqubo zokuphefumula kwamakhowa. Ngaxeshanye, ukufuma kugcinwa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-misting systems, kudala indawo ehlala ifumile elungele ukukhula kwamakhowa.