Iindawo zokutyala izityalo zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kubalimi abaninzi kunye nabavelisi bezolimo, ukwandisa ixesha lokukhula kunye nokudala indawo efanelekileyo yezityalo. Kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo zakho ziyakhula, ukulawula ubushushu ngaphakathi kwi-greenhouse yakho kubalulekile. Ke, leliphi elona qondo lobushushu lilungileyo lokuligcina kwi-greenhouse yakho? Masingene kwiinkcukacha kwaye sifunde ukugcina i-greenhouse yakho ikwiqondo lobushushu elilelona lifanelekileyo lokukhula kwesityalo esisempilweni!
1. Iisetingi zoBubushushu bemini kunye nasebusuku
Ubushushu be-greenhouse buhlala bohlulwe ngokwemigangatho yasemini nasebusuku. Emini, jonga iqondo lobushushu elingama-20°C ukuya kuma-30°C (68°F ukuya kuma-86°F). Oku kuya kukhuthaza i-photosynthesis efanelekileyo, kwaye izityalo zakho ziya kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zomelele. Umzekelo, ukuba ukhulisa iitumato, ukugcina olu luhlu kuya kunceda ukuvelisa amagqabi atyebileyo, anempilo kunye neziqhamo ezityebileyo.
Ebusuku, iqondo lobushushu linokuhla liye kutsho kwi-15°C ukuya kwi-18°C (59°F ukuya kuma-64°F), livumela izityalo ukuba ziphumle kwaye zilondoloze amandla. Kwimifuno enamagqabi afana ne-lettuce, lo bushushu bobusuku bupholile bunceda amagqabi ukuba ahlale eqinile kwaye epholile endaweni yokuba akhule kakhulu okanye ekhululekile.
Ukugcina umahluko ofanelekileyo wobushushu bemini nobusuku kunceda izityalo zigcine ukukhula okunempilo kwaye ziphephe uxinzelelo. Umzekelo, xa ukhulisa iitumato okanye iipepile, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubusuku obupholileyo bukhuthaza ukudumba okungcono kweentyantyambo kunye neziqhamo.
2. Ukulungelelanisa iqondo lobushushu ngokwamaxesha onyaka
Ebusika, iqondo lobushushu lendlu eluhlaza kufuneka ligcinwe lingaphezulu kwe-10°C (50°F), njengoko nantoni na esezantsi inokuba sengozini yokukhenkceka kwaye yonakalise izityalo zakho. Abanikazi be-greenhouse abaninzi basebenzisa iindlela "zokugcina ubushushu", njengemibhobho yamanzi okanye amatye amakhulu, ukugcina ubushushu emini kwaye bakhulule ngokukhawuleza ebusuku, kunceda ukugcina ukufudumala. Ngokomzekelo, kwiinyanga ezibandayo, iitumato zinokuzuza kwesi sicwangciso sokugcina ubushushu, ukuthintela ukonakala kweqabaka emagqabini.
Ehlotyeni, ii-greenhouses zivame ukutshisa ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okupholisa izinto, njengokusebenzisa iifeni okanye izinto zokuthambisa. Zama ukungavumeli ubushushu budlule kwi-35 ° C (95 ° F), njengoko oku kunokukhokelela kuxinzelelo lobushushu, kuchaphazela i-metabolism yezityalo. Kwizityalo zexesha elipholileyo njenge lettuce, ispinatshi, okanye ikale, kubalulekile ukugcina amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe 30°C (86°F) ukuqinisekisa ukuba azibholiti (iintyatyambo phambi kwexesha) kwaye zigcine umgangatho wazo.
3. Iimfuno zoBubushushu beZityalo ezahlukeneyo
Ayizizo zonke izityalo ezinokhetho olufanayo lobushushu. Ukuqonda uluhlu olufanelekileyo lwesityalo ngasinye kukunceda ukuba ulawule i-greenhouse yakho ngokufanelekileyo:
* Iitumato neePepile: Ezi zityalo zexesha lobushushu zikhula kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-24°C ukuya kuma-28°C (75°F ukuya kuma-82°F) emini, amaqondo obushushu ebusuku amalunga ne-18°C (64°F). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwama-35°C (95°F) emini, oko kunokukhokelela ekuweni kweentyatyambo nokuncipha kwemveliso yeziqhamo.
* Iikomkomere: Ngokufanayo neetumato neepepile, iicucumber zithanda amaqondo obushushu emini aphakathi kwe22°C ukuya ku26°C (72°F ukuya ku79°F) namaqondo obushushu asebusuku angaphezu kwe-18°C (64°F). Ukuba amaqondo obushushu ehla kakhulu okanye abe shushu kakhulu, izityalo ze cucumber zinokuxinezeleka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni amagqabi abe tyheli okanye ukukhula okudodobala.
* Izityalo zeXesha elipholileyo: Izityalo ezifana neletisi, isipinatshi, kunye nekale zikhetha iimeko ezipholileyo. Amaqondo obushushu emini aphakathi kwe-18°C ukuya ku-22°C (64°F ukuya ku-72°F) nasebusuku angaphantsi njenge-10°C (50°F) afanelekile. Ezi meko zipholileyo zinceda izityalo ukuba zihlale zibumbene kwaye zinencasa, endaweni yokuba zibolithwe okanye zijike zibe krakra.
4. Ukulawula ukuguquguquka kweqondo lobushushu
Njengoko amaxesha onyaka etshintsha, amaqondo obushushu ngaphakathi kwi-greenhouse yakho aya kutshintsha. Nanga amacebiso ambalwa okunceda ukulawula olu tshintsho lobushushu ngokufanelekileyo:
* Iifeni kunye neVentilation: Ukuhamba komoya okufanelekileyo kunceda ukuthintela ukugcwala kobushushu obugqithisileyo, ngakumbi ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Ukuba i-greenhouse yakho ibonakaliswe kwilanga elithe ngqo, ukusebenzisa iifeni kunye nokuvula iminyango kuya kugcina umoya ujikeleza, ukuthintela ukushisa.
* Izixhobo zeShading: Ukufaka izinto zokuthungatha, njengelaphu lomthunzi, kunokunceda ukupholisa i-greenhouse ngeenyanga ezishushu. Uhlaza olunamagqabi, i-30% -50% yengubo yomthunzi ifanelekile, igcina izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi koluhlu olukhusela izityalo kuxinzelelo lobushushu.
• Ukugcinwa kobushushu: Ukusebenzisa imathiriyeli efana nemiphanda yamanzi okanye amatye amakhulu ngaphakathi kwendlu yokukhulisela ubushushu kunokufunxa ubushushu emini kwaye bubukhulule kancinci ebusuku. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ebusika ukunciphisa iindleko zokufudumeza ngelixa ugcina ubushushu obuzinzileyo.
* Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo: Cinga ngokufaka iinkqubo zokulawula ubushushu, njengeefeni ezizenzekelayo okanye ii-thermostats, ezilungisa ubushushu ngokusekelwe kufundo lwexesha lokwenyani. Oku kunceda ukugcina iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwesityalo ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo lwezandla.
5. Ukubekwa esweni koBubushushu rhoqo
Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-greenhouse yakho kubalulekile ukugcina indawo efanelekileyo. Sebenzisa inkqubo ekude yokuhlola ubushushu ukugcina umkhondo wokuguquguquka kobushushu emini nasebusuku. Oku kunokukunceda uchonge iipateni kwaye wenze uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko kwangethuba.
Abalimi abanamava bahlala besebenzisa iilog zobushushu ukulandelela ukuphakama kunye nokuhla kwemihla ngemihla, okunokubanceda bahlengahlengise imeko ye-greenhouse ngokusebenzayo. Ngokwazi xa amaqondo obushushu athambekele ekuphakameni, unokuphumeza izicwangciso zokupholisa, ezifana nokuvula iminyango okanye ukusebenzisa ilaphu lomthunzi, ukuphepha uxinzelelo lobushushu kwizityalo zakho.
Ukugcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo kwi-greenhouse yakho ngundoqo ekukhuleni kwezityalo eziphilileyo. Amaqondo obushushu emini aphakathi kwama-20°C ukuya kuma-30°C (68°F ukuya kuma-86°F) kunye namaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe-15°C ukuya ku-18°C ebusuku (59°F ukuya kuma-64°F) adala indawo efanelekileyo yokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, uhlengahlengiso kufuneka lwenziwe ngokusekwe kwixesha lonyaka kunye neemfuno ezithile zezityalo ozikhulayo. Ngokusebenzisa ezinye zezi ndlela zilula zokulawula ubushushu, ungagcina i-greenhouse yakho ichuma unyaka wonke.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-19-2024