Kwizolimo zanamhlanje, imicimbi efana nokunqongophala kwezibonelelo, utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nokonakaliswa komhlaba kubeka imiceli mngeni yokutya kwehlabathi. Abalimi abajamelana nengcinezelo yokwandisa isivuno kodwa nemfuno yokwandisa ukusebenza ngokutyalaleleyo kunye nokunciphisa ifuthe lokusingqongileyo ngezinto ezinqongopheleyo. Itekhnoloji yokulima engenanto (i-hydroponics) ivele njengesisombululo esiphambili sokujongana nale miceli mngeni, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezifanelekileyo nezizinzileyo.
Ukulima umhlaba awusenambozo kwiilebhu; Iyakhula ngokutsha ngabalimi kwihlabathi liphela, ukusuka kwiifama zedolophu ukuya kwi-Greenhouse. Olu teknoloji oluvela kwezolimo alunakukhupha amanzi kunye namandla kodwa luphucula kakhulu isivuno kunye nomgangatho wesityalo.
Ngaba "ukutyala ngaphandle kwamandla"?
Eyona nto ityalayo yokutyalo moya ubuxoki bungaphuli indima yomhlaba njengendawo yokukhula. Ayikokuphuma ngokususa umhlaba; Endaweni yoko, ibonelela ngesisombululo sesondlo esifanelekileyo esivumela iingcambu zezityalo ukuba zifumane ngokuthe ngqo izondlo ezizifunayo, ezikhokelela ekukhuleni kwezempilo.
* Izityalo zifumana njani izazimba?
Ukulima umhlaba wemveli, izityalo zifumana amanzi kunye neeminerali emhlabeni kwiingcambu zazo. Umhlaba ubonelela kuphela izondlo kuphela ezifunekayo kodwa nenkxaso yomzimba kwiingcambu zezityalo. Kwiinkqubo ezingenazindlu, umhlaba uphelise ngokupheleleyo. Endaweni yoko, amanzi acocekileyo okanye amabala okunyanzeliswa asetyenziselwa ukuhambisa izondlo ngqo kwizityalo. Eyona nto iphambili kwinkqubo yokulima engenazilimo sisisombululo sesondlo. Olu lwazi luqukethe zonke iiminerali kunye nezona zinto zifunwayo zokukhula kwezityalo, ezinjenge-nitrogen, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-calcium, kunye ne-magnesium. Ezi zesondlo zichithwe emanzini ngendlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukufunxa kwezityalo. Uxinzelelo kunye nomyinge wesisombululo sesondlo sinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokweemfuno zezityalo ezahlukeneyo kwaye zilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwiinkqubo zolawulo lobuchule zolawulo.
* Iinkqubo eziPhezulu zoMoya
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zenkqubo yokulima ezenziwayo, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye neendlela zokusebenza:
Iinkqubo zeHydroponicIinkqubo ze-hydroponic, iingcambu zezityalo zintywiliselwa ngokuthe ngqo kwisisombululo sesondlo, ejikelezwe ngenkqubo yokumpompa. Izibonelelo zale nkqubo zibandakanya ukulula kunye nokubonelelwa kwesondlo esiqhubekayo kwizityalo.
Iinkqubo ze-AeroncoInic:Kwiinkqubo ze-aerontoic, iingcambu zezityalo ezixhonywe emoyeni, kwaye isisombululo sesondlo siphoswa kumphezulu weengcambu ngamaxesha athile. Kuba iingcambu zivezwe ngumoya, izityalo zinokufumana amanqanaba aphezulu eoksijini, ukukhuthaza ukukhula.
Inkcubeko ye-fria: Inkcubeko enkulu ibandakanya ukulungisa iingcambu zezityalo kwiindawo ezinamabala (ezinje ngekhonut ye-coconut, uboya be-roconut, okanye i-tellite yoboya, kunye nesisombululo sesondlo esinikezelweyo ngenkqubo yokunkcenkceshela i-drip. Le ndlela ibonelela ngenkxaso engcono yomzimba kwizityalo ezithile ezifuna iingcambu zeengcambu ezizinzileyo.
* Iinkqubo zoLawulo lokusiNgqongileyo
Ukulima umhlaba kudla ngokusetyenziswa kwindawo eluhlaza okanye indawo yangaphakathi, ivumela abalindi ukuba balawule ngokuchanekileyo, ubushushu, ubushushu, kunye nezinye izinto zokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, izibane ze-LED zinokusetyenziselwa ukulungisa ubungakanani bokukhanya kwaye i-wavelength, iqinisekisa iimeko ezifanelekileyo zeefoto zezityalo. Iqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma lingalawulwa kusetyenziswa imiqathango yomoya kunye ne-fidifisine ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokukhula kwezityalo ezahlukeneyo.
Kutheni le nto abalimi abaninzi bekhetha le teknoloji?
Ukulima umhlaba kunika izibonelelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kumelimo lwemveli, ekutsaleni inani elandayo labalimi kule ntsimi.
* Ukuphuculwa kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okusebenzayo
Iinkqubo ezingenamhlaba ziphinde zisebenze kwakhona izisombululo zesondlo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Xa kuthelekiswa nezolimo zemveli, ukulima umhlaba kunokungasinga ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zamanzi, okwenze kube lula kwimimandla enqabileyo emanzini. Le ndawo yokugcina amanzi amanzi okugcina amanzi engenanto ngaphandle kwesisombululo esinokubakho kwingxaki yamanzi ehlabathi.
* Ukunyuka okukhulu kwisivuno sesityalo kunye nomgangatho
Ukulima umhlaba kubonelela ngomyinge ofanelekileyo wezondlo wokukhula kwezityalo, ukunqanda imiba kunye nezifo ezithwalwe umhlaba kunye nokhula. Ngenxa yoko, izityalo zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo, nezivuno zihlala zingama-30% ukuya kwi-50% ephezulu kunezo zendlela zemveli. Ngapha koko, imeko elawulwayo iqinisekisa umgangatho wokungaguquguquki kwaye ulunge ngakumbi.
* Ukuncitshiswa komngcipheko wezinambuzane kunye nezifo
Ukulima umhlaba wemveli kuhlala kukhathazeka zizinambuzane nezifo ezahlukeneyo. Ukulinywa komhlaba kuphelisa umhlaba, umhlaba umhlaba wokuzala kwale micimbi, ukunciphisa kakhulu imali yokutyibilika. Oku kuthetha ukuba abalimi banokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa zizinambuzane, ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwezityalo kunye nokunciphisa ifuthe kwendalo.
* Yandiswa ngamaxesha onyaka ophumeleleyo
Ukulima ngaphandle komlilo kuvumela abalindi ukuba batyale unyaka wonke, abangaphuculwanga ngotshintsho lwamaxesha onyaka. Ngeenkqubo ezinobuchule bokuziphatha esingqongileyo, abalindi banokuhlengahlengisa ukukhanya kunye neqondo lokushisa nangaliphi na ixesha, ukuqhubela phambili imveliso eqhubekayo kunye nokukhulisa izibonelelo zoqoqosho.
* Ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwindawo
Ukulinywa komfi kulungelelene kakhulu kwezolimo ezidolophini kunye nokulima ngokuthe nkqo, kuvumele iziqhamo eziphakamileyo kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo. Abalimi banokuhlakulela eluphahleni, iibhalkhoni, okanye ukutya, ukukhulisa zonke i-intshi zomhlaba.
Ukulima okungenanto ayisiyondlela nje yobugcisa; Imele imodeli yezolimo ejonge phambili. Ngezibonelelo njengamanzi ogcino kunye nolondolozo lwamandla, ondelekileyo isivuno, kwaye unciphise imiba yezibini, ukulima umhlaba kuye kwaba sisixhobo esifanelekileyo ekusombululeni imiceli mngeni yehlabathi. Kubadala, ukusebenzisana nale teknoloji akuncedi ukuba ukulawula ukungazithembi kuziswe lutshintsho lwemozulu kodwa kukuphucula i-fivel yesivuno kunye nomgangatho ngelixa uvula amathuba amatsha emarike.
Njengokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, kulindeleke ukulinywa ngaphandle komzimba kulindeleke ukuba kudibanise nzulu kunye ne-automations, ubukrelekrele bokwenyani, ukuphucula ukwenziwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwezolimo nokuzinza. Le ndlela isebenzayo nenobuhlobo bokutyala iya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezolimo yehlabathi. Ngokuqonda imigaqo-siseko kunye nezibonelelo ezixhaphakileyo zokulima ezenziwa ngumhlaba, abalimi banokusebenzisa ngcono amathuba avezwe yiTekhnoloji. Njengoko siqhubela phambili, ukulinywa komzimba sikulungele ukukhula ngokubanzi, ukuba ngumsebenzi ophambili wokuqhuba kuvukelo lwezolimo kwihlabathi liphela.
Email: info@cfgreenhouse.com
Ifowuni: (0086) 13550100793
Ixesha leposi: I-Oct-08-2024
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