Iintwala sesinye sezona zinambuzane zixhaphakileyo kwaye ziyonakalisa kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo. Ngaba wakha wazibona izinambuzane ezincinci ziqokelelana kumagqabi amatsha, zifunxa incindi yesityalo? Ezi zitshabalalisi zincinci azigrogrisi impilo yezityalo kuphela kodwa zikwasasaza iintsholongwane zezityalo, ezichaphazela kakhulu izivuno zezityalo kunye nomgangatho. Ngokophononongo, ukuqhambuka kwentwala kunokubangela ukuncipha kwesivuno nge-50% ukuya kuma-80%, nto leyo ekhokelela kwilahleko enkulu yezoqoqosho kubalimi. Ukulawula iintwala kubalulekile ukugcina izityalo ezikwi-greenhouse zisempilweni.Landela iCFGET ukuze waziindlela yokuthintela uhlaselo lwentwala, kwaye ngawaphi amanyathelo okuthathwa xa zithe zavela.
Njani Iintwala Zokugrogrisa izityalo zeGreenhouse
* Ukufunxa iSap yesityalo
Iintwala zisebenzisa imilomo yazo ukugqobhoza amagqabi amatsha kunye neziqu zezityalo, zifunxa incindi. Bakhetha ukukhula okutsha kwethenda, okunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kwezityalo. Ngaphandle kwezondlo ezaneleyo, izityalo zibonisa amagqabi agoqeneyo, ashwabeneyo, okanye abunile. Uhlaselo olumandla lwentwala lunokunciphisa izivuno zezityalo kakhulu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, izityalo zonke zinokufa.
* Ukusasaza iiNtsholongwane zeZityalo
Iintwala zinamandla okuthwala iintsholongwane zezityalo, ezikwaziyo ukusasaza ngaphezu kwe-150 yeentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) kunye ne-melon necrotic spot virus. Izityalo ezosulelwe zezi ntsholongwane zihlala zibonisa iziphene kunye nokukhula okudodobalisayo, kwehlisa kakhulu ixabiso lazo kwimarike. Nje ukuba intsholongwane isasazeke, inokosulela ngokulula ezinye izityalo kwi-greenhouse, yenze ulawulo lube nzima ngakumbi.
* Ukukhupha i-Honeydew kunye ne-Mold ekhuthazayo
Iintwala zikhupha into eneswekile ebizwa ngokuba yihoneydew, enokuthi ikhuthaze ukukhula komngundo, ngakumbi ukungunda kwesooty. Olu ngundo lugquma amagqabi ezityalo, luvalela ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye luthintele iphotosynthesis, lusenza buthathaka ngakumbi izityalo. Ngelixa ukungunda kungenakuzibulala izityalo ngokuthe ngqo, kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesityalo kunye nomgangatho wesityalo xa sisonke, nto leyo eyenza ukuba imveliso ithengiseke kakhulu.
UThintelwa Njani Usulelo lweAphid
Ukuthintela yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula iintwala. Ngokulawula imekobume yegreenhouse, besebenzisa ulawulo olululo lomhlaba, kunye nokubeka iliso rhoqo, abalimi banokuwunciphisa ngempumelelo umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwentwala.
* Ukugcina iiMeko eziLungileyo zokusiNgqongileyo
Iindawo zokugcina izityalo zibonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo kwiintwala, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifudumeleyo nezifumileyo. Iintwala zikhula kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphakathi kwe 15°C kunye ne 30°C. Ngokulawula ngononophelo ubushushu kunye nokufuma, abalimi banokucothisa ukuzala kwentwala. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe amaqondo obushushu phakathi kwe-18°C kunye ne-25°C emini, kwaye kugcinwe amanqanaba okufuma phakathi kwe-50% kunye ne-70%.
* ULawulo lokuQinisa nokuNcenkceshela
Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezichumisi zenitrogen kukhuthaza ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwamagqabi amatsha athambileyo, nto leyo ithandwa yintwala. Abalimi kufuneka balinganise ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso, baphephe initrogen eninzi. Ukongeza i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium kunokomeleza izityalo, kubenze bangabi nomtsalane kwi-aphids. Ukunkcenkceshela ngokufanelekileyo nako kubalulekile. Iimeko ezimanzi kakhulu zinokukhuthaza ukukhula kwentwala, ngoko ke ukugcina ishedyuli efanelekileyo yokunkcenkceshela kunokunciphisa umngcipheko.
* Ukubeka iliso rhoqo kunye nokuFumana kwangethuba
Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko ngundoqo ekulawuleni iintwala ngaphambi kokuba zisasazeke. Abalimi kufuneka bajonge amagqabi amatsha rhoqo, amazantsi amagqabi, kunye neziqu apho iintwala zikholisa ukuhlangana khona. Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nemigibe encangathi emthubi kunokunceda ekubambeni iintwala ezikwinqanaba lokuqala, nto leyo evumela ungenelelo ngexesha.
Yintoni omawuyenze xa iAphids zifunyenwe
Xa zifunyenwe i-aphid, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo akhawulezileyo. Nazi ezinye iindlela ezisebenzayo zokulawula uhlaselo lwentwala.
* Ulawulo lwebhayoloji
Ulawulo lwebhayoloji yindlela eluhlaza enciphisa imfuno yemichiza yokutshabalalisa izinambuzane. Ukukhulula iintshaba zendalo zentwala, njengeeladybugs kunye neehoverflies, kunokunceda ukulawula inani lentwala. Kolunye uphononongo, emva kokukhulula i-ladybugs kwi-greenhouse, amanani e-aphid ehle ngama-60% kwiiveki ezimbini. Oonomeva beParasitic sesinye isixhobo esisebenzayo. Zibeka amaqanda ngaphakathi kweentwala, kwaye imibungu yazo ibulala izinambuzane, ukunciphisa ukuzala kwazo.
* Ulawulo lweMichiza
Izitshabalalisi zeBotanical: Izitshabalalisi zezityalo ezifana neoyile ye-neem zizicatshulwa zendalo eziphazamisa ukukhula kwentwala kunye nokuzala, zinciphisa inani lazo. I-oyile ye-Neem iphantsi kwityhefu kwaye ihambelana nokusingqongileyo, iyenza ibe lukhetho oluphezulu lokusetyenziswa kwe-greenhouse. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-oyile ye-neem inokunciphisa inani lentwala nge-60% -70%. Enye ingenelo kukuba ioyile ye<em>neem ayizonakalisi izinambuzane eziluncedo, igcina ulungelelwano lwendalo.
Izitshabalalisi zemichiza: Ukuba inani lentwala likhula ngokukhawuleza okanye uhlaselo lube lubi kakhulu, imichiza ebulala izinambuzane enetyhefu ephantsi inganceda ukulawula ngokukhawuleza ukusasazeka. I-Imidacloprid kunye ne-avermectin zizinambuzane ezimbini eziqhelekileyo. Basebenza ngokuphazamisa inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yentwala, bayenze imilwelwe, baze ekugqibeleni bazibulale. Ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo kwidosi kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwesicelo kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuxhathisa ekuphuhliseni. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukulandela amaxesha okhuseleko ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintsalela zezitshabalalisi azichaphazeli umgangatho wesityalo okanye impilo yabathengi.
* Ukwahlukaniswa kunye nokususwa
Ukuba izityalo zihlaselwe kakhulu, kungcono ukuba zibekwe zodwa kwaye zisuswe ukuthintela ukwanda kwentwala. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa iintwala zisasaza iintsholongwane. Ukwahlukaniswa ngokukhawuleza kunokunceda ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwezifo. Kwizityalo ezihlaselwe kakhulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uzisuse ngokupheleleyo kwaye uzitshabalalise ukunqanda ukosuleleka ngakumbi kwezityalo ezisempilweni.
I-aphid ibeka umngeni omkhulu kwizityalo ze-greenhouse, kodwa ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela kunye neendlela zokulawula kwangexesha, umonakalo wabo unokuncitshiswa. Abalimi beGreenhouse kufuneka badibanise ulawulo lokusingqongileyo, ulawulo lwebhayoloji, ulawulo lomzimba, kunye neendlela zekhemikhali ukulawula ngokufanelekileyo iintwala. Undoqo kuthintelo kwangethuba, ukujonga rhoqo, kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo abanzi kuphawu lokuqala lwentwala ukuthintela ukusasazeka kunye nokuqhambuka kwazo. Ngokusebenzisa indlela yenzululwazi yokulawula izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo, abalimi banokukhusela impilo yezityalo zabo, baqinisekise isivuno esikhulu, baze bafumane imveliso ezinzileyo.
I-imeyile:info@cfgreenhouse.com
Ifowuni: (0086) 13550100793
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-21-2024
