Ukubaleka i-greenhouse kunokuziva ngathi yimfazwe eqhubekayo - uyatyala, unkcenkceshela, ulinde ... kwaye ngequbuliso, izityalo zakho ziyahlaselwa. I-aphid, i-thrips, i-whiteflies - izinambuzane zivela ngaphandle kwendawo, kwaye kubonakala ngathi ukutshiza imichiza yindlela yodwa yokugcina.
Kodwa kuthekani ukuba kukho indlela engcono?
Ulawulo oluDibeneyo lwezitshabalalisi (IPM) yindlela ekrelekrele, ezinzileyo ekuncedayo ukulawula izitshabalalisi ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka ekusetyenzisweni rhoqo kwezitshabalalisi. Ayikokusabela — imalunga nokuthintela. Kwaye iyasebenza.
Masihambe kumaqhinga angundoqo, izixhobo, kunye neendlela ezingcono ezenza i-IPM ibe sisixhobo sakho esiyimfihlo se-greenhouse.
Yintoni IPM yaye Kutheni Yahlukile?
IPM imeleUlawulo oluDibeneyo lweZitshabalalisi. Yindlela esekwe kwisayensi edibanisa iindlela ezininzi zokugcina izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo zingaphantsi kwamanqanaba okonakalisa - ngelixa unciphisa ubungozi ebantwini, kwizityalo, kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Endaweni yokufikelela kwimichiza kuqala, i-IPM igxininisa ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kwezinambuzane, ukomeleza impilo yezityalo, nokusebenzisa iintshaba zendalo ukugcina ulungelelwano. Yicinge njengokulawula i-ecosystem - hayi ukubulala iibugs kuphela.
Kwenye indlu eluhlaza eNetherlands, ukutshintshela kwi-IPM kunciphise ukusetyenziswa kwemichiza ngama-70%, kwaphucula ukomelela kwezityalo, kwaye kwatsala abathengi abaqaphela indalo.
Inyathelo 1: Beka iliso kwaye Uchonge kwangethuba iZitshabalalisi
Awukwazi ukulwa into ongayiboniyo. IPM esebenzayo iqala ngeukuhlola rhoqo. Oku kuthetha ukujonga izityalo zakho, imigibe encangathi, kunye neendawo zokukhula ngeempawu zokuqala zenkathazo.
Omawukhangele:
Ukuguquka kombala, ukugoba, okanye imingxuma emagqabini
Intsalela encangathi (ehlala ishiywe ziintwala okanye iimpukane ezimhlophe)
Izinambuzane ezindala zibanjiswe kwimigibe encangathi emthubi okanye eluhlaza
Sebenzisa i-microscope ephathwa ngesandla okanye iglasi yokukhulisa ukuchonga iintlobo zezinambuzane. Ukwazi ukuba ujongene neembuzane zefungus okanye i-thrips kukunceda ukhethe indlela yokulawula eyiyo.
Kwi-Chengfei Greenhouse, ii-scouts eziqeqeshiweyo zisebenzisa izixhobo zedijithali zemephu yezinambuzane ukulandelela ukuqhambuka kwangexesha lokwenyani, ukunceda abalimi baphendule ngokukhawuleza nangobulumko.
Inyathelo lesi-2: Thintela Izinambuzane Ngaphambi kokuba Zifike
Ukuthintela kuyintsika ye-IPM. Izityalo ezisempilweni kunye nemekobume ecocekileyo ayithandeki kangako kwizitshabalalisi.
Amanyathelo angundoqo okuthintela:
Faka isefu yezinambuzane kwiifestile kunye neengcango
Sebenzisa iisistim zokungena ezinamacango amabini ukunqanda ukufikelela kwezinambuzane
Gcina ukujikeleza kakuhle komoya kwaye uphephe ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo
Izixhobo zokukhupha iintsholongwane kwaye ususe inkunkuma yezityalo rhoqo
Ukukhetha iintlobo zezityalo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nezinambuzane nako kuyanceda. Eminye imihlanganisela ye cucumber ivelisa uboya obungamagqabi obunqanda iimpukane ezimhlophe, logama ezinye iintlobo zetumato zingathandeki kangako kwintwala.
I-greenhouse eSpain idityaniswe ukuhlolwa kobungqina bezinambuzane, ulawulo lwemozulu oluzenzekelayo, kunye neendawo zokuhlambela kwiindawo zokungena - ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ngaphezu kwe-50%.
Inyathelo lesi-3: Sebenzisa iziLawuli zebhayoloji
Endaweni yeekhemikhali, i-IPM yayama kuyoiintshaba zendalo. Ezi zizinambuzane eziluncedo okanye izinto eziphilayo ezitya izitshabalalisi ngaphandle kokonakalisa izityalo zakho.
Ulawulo lwebhayoloji oludumileyo luquka:
Aphidius colemani: unomeva omncinci otshabalalisa iintwala
Phytoseiulus persimilis: ingolwane etya iintwala zesigcawu
Encarsia formosa: uhlaselo whitefly larvaeUkukhupha ixesha ngundoqo. Yazisa amarhamncwa kwangethuba, ngelixa amanani ezinambuzane esemancinci esesezantsi. Ababoneleli abaninzi ngoku banikezela nge "bio-boxes" - iiyunithi ezipakishwe ngaphambili ezenza ukukhulula izibonelelo kube lula, nakubalimi abancinci.
EKhanada, umlimi wetumato yorhwebo udityaniswe noonomeva be-Encarsia kunye nezityalo zasebhankini ukugcina iimpukane ezimhlophe zijonga ngapha kweehektare ezi-2 - ngaphandle kokutshiza ngesitshabalalisi esinye sonke ixesha lonyaka.
Inyathelo lesi-4: Yigcine icocekile
Ucoceko lunceda ukophula umjikelo wobomi bezinambuzane. Izinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo zibeka amaqanda emhlabeni, inkunkuma, nakwimathiriyeli yezityalo. Ukugcina i-greenhouse yakho icocekile kwenza kube nzima ukuba babuye.
Iinkqubo ezingcono:
Susa ukhula kunye nezinto ezindala zezityalo kwiindawo ezikhulayo
Coca izitulo, imigangatho, kunye nezixhobo ngezibulali-ntsholongwane ezithambileyo
Jikelezisa izityalo kwaye ukuphephe ukukhula isityalo esinye kwindawo enye ngokuphindaphindiweyo
Vala izityalo ezitsha zodwa phambi kokuba uzazise
Ngoku iifama ezininzi ze<em>greenhouse zicwangcisa “iintsuku zokucoceka” veki nganye njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sazo se-IPM, zabela amaqela ahlukeneyo ukuba anikel’ ingqalelo kugutyulo, ukuhlola nokugcina imisele.
Inyathelo lesi-5: Sebenzisa imichiza — Ngobulumko nangokuQongayo
I-IPM ayizisusi izibulali-zinambuzane — izisebenzisa kuphelanjengento yokugqibela, kwaye ngokuchanekileyo.
Khetha i-low-toxicity, iimveliso ezikhethiweyo ezijolise kwizinambuzane kodwa zigcine izinambuzane eziluncedo. Hlala ujikelezisa izithako ezisebenzayo ukukhusela ukuxhathisa. Faka isicelo kwii-hotspots kuphela, hayi i-greenhouse yonke.
Ezinye izicwangciso IPM ziqukai-biopesticides, njengeoli ye-neem okanye iimveliso ezisekelwe kwi-Bacillus, ezisebenza ngokucokisekileyo kwaye ziphule ngokukhawuleza kwindawo.
EOstreliya, omnye umlimi we lettuce uxele ukuba wonge i-40% kwiindleko zekhemikhali emva kokutshintshela kwizitshizi ezichongiweyo kuphela xa imida yezinambuzane igqithile.
Inyathelo lesi-6: Rekhoda, uPhonononge, Phinda
Akukho nkqubo ye-IPM igqityiweyo ngaphandleukugcinwa kweerekhodi. Landela umkhondo wokubonwa kwezinambuzane, iindlela zonyango, imihla yokukhupha iinzuzo, kunye neziphumo.
Le datha ikunceda ukuba ubone iipateni, uhlengahlengise izicwangciso, kwaye ucwangcise kwangaphambili. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-greenhouse yakho iya kuqina ngakumbi - kwaye iingxaki zakho zezinambuzane zincinci.
Abalimi abaninzi ngoku basebenzisa ii-apps ze-smartphone okanye iiplatifomu ezisekwe kwilifu ukuze babhale izinto ezibonwayo kwaye benze iishedyuli zonyango ngokuzenzekelayo.
Isizathu Sokuba I-IPM Isebenzela Abalimi Banamhlanje
I-IPM ayiphelelanga nje ekulawuleni izitshabalalisi — yindlela yokufama ngobukrelekrele. Ngokugxininisa kuthintelo, ukulinganisela, kunye nezigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha, i-IPM yenza i-greenhouse yakho isebenze ngakumbi, igcineke, kwaye ibe nenzuzo ngakumbi.
Ikwavula iingcango kwiimarike zeprimiyamu. Uninzi lwezatifikethi eziphilayo zifuna iindlela ze-IPM. Abathengi be-Eco-conscious bahlala bekhetha imveliso ekhuliswe ngeekhemikhali ezimbalwa - kwaye bazimisele ukuyihlawula ngaphezulu.
Ukusuka kwizindlu ezincinci zeentsapho zokutshala izityalo ukuya kwiifama ezihlakaniphile zemizi-mveliso, i-IPM iba ngumgangatho omtsha.
Ngaba ukulungele ukuyeka ukuleqa izitshabalalisi kwaye uqalise ukuzilawula ngobukrelekrele? IPM likamva - kunye neyakhoindlu eluhlazaifanelekile.
Wamkelekile ukuba nengxoxo engaphaya kunye nathi.
I-imeyile:Lark@cfgreenhouse.com
Ifowuni: +86 19130604657
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-25-2025
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