Iindlu zokugalela izityalo, nokuba zincinci zincinci ekhaya okanye ziqeqeshelwe njenge "Chengfei Greenhouse", ulawulo lobushushu lubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni okunempilo kwezityalo. Ukuqonda i-"overheating" umda, kunye nokulimala, izizathu kunye nezisombululo ezinxulumene nayo, kuyimfuneko kuwo wonke umlimi.
I-1, i-"Overheating" Umda wee-Greenhouses
Zonke iintlobo zezindlu zokugcina izityalo, kubandakanywa ne "Chengfei Greenhouse", inomgangatho ocacileyo "wokushisa". Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa iqondo lobushushu lingaphezu kwama-90 degrees Fahrenheit, lingena kuluhlu lokufudumeza ngokugqithiseleyo. Imifuno ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu efana neetumato, iokra kunye ne-eggplants zinokukhula ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-80 kunye ne-90 degrees Fahrenheit. Nangona kunjalo, xa iqondo lobushushu lidlula i-90 degrees Fahrenheit, iingxaki ezinjengamagqabi aphuzi, ukukhula okucothayo kwamasebe amatsha, iziqhamo ezinokukhubazeka kunye nokunciphisa izinga lokumisela iziqhamo kuya kuvela kwiitumato. Kwimifuno epholileyo ethanda imifuno efana ne-arugula, i-beet kunye ne-broccoli, xa izinga lokushisa lidlula i-85 degrees Fahrenheit, baya kuchaphazeleka. I-Arugula iya kuba namagqabi abunile, ukukhula kancinci kwaye iyakwazi ukuhlaselwa zizinambuzane kunye nezifo, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni izivuno.
2, Iingozi zobushushu obuphezulu kwiZityalo zeGreenhouse
Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu abangela ubungozi obuninzi kwizityalo zegreenhouse. Ngokubhekiselele kwiinkqubo ze-physiological plant, thatha ivatala umzekelo. Ukushisa okuphezulu kuphazamisa i-photosynthesis kunye nokuphefumula, okukhokelela ekuvinjweni komsebenzi wee-enzyme eziphambili, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-carbon dioxide fixation, kunye nokunyuka okungaqhelekanga kokusetyenziswa kokuphefumula. Ngenxa yoko, umgangatho weziqhamo uyehla ngenxa yokungalingani kwezondlo, kwaye iingxaki ezifana ne "crystal melon" zivela, kunye nencasa ehlayo kunye nexabiso lesondlo.
Ukususela kumbono wokuchasana kwezityalo, xa iikomkomere ze-greenhouse zibonakaliswe kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu kunye nomoya ophantsi, i-cuticle kunye ne-wax ekhusela izityalo kwizifo zonakaliswe, kwaye i-synthesis yezinto ezichasene nezifo zivaliwe. Emva koko, i-powdery mildew fungi ithatha ithuba lokuhlasela, ibangela izifo emagqabini nakwiziqu, ithintele i-photosynthesis, ibangele imidiliya ebuthathaka, iikomkomere ezinokukhubazeka kunye nokunciphisa kakhulu izivuno.
Ngaphezu koko, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu aphazamisa isingqi sokukhula kwezityalo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba imifuno engamagqabi efana ne-bok choy kunye ne lettuce ibolite kwaye idubule ngaphambi kwexesha. Izondlo emagqabini zidluliswa, zibenze zibe zincinci kwaye zibe nzima, kunye nencasa embi kunye nezivuno ezincitshisiweyo.
3, Yintoni ebangela ukuba iiGreenhouse zitshise ngokugqithisileyo?
Ukufudumeza okugqithisileyo kwezindlu zokugcina izityalo kubangelwa ubukhulu becala yindawo yejografi kunye nezinto zamaxesha onyaka. Kwimimandla yemozulu eshushu njengakumazantsi nakumazantsi-ntshona e-United States, eMexico, eIndiya nakwiiPhilippines, ngenxa yendawo ezihlala kuyo kwiindawo ezishushu kunye neendawo ezitshisayo ezinokukhanya kwelanga kunye namaxesha amade amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, iindawo zokugcina izityalo zifunxa ubushushu obuninzi kwaye zibe nobunzima bokubuchitha. Kwanamanyathelo okupholisa aqhelekileyo, iqondo lobushushu lisenokwenzeka ukuba ligqithise umgangatho. Ngokwahlukileyo, kwimimandla ebandayo efana neAlaska, iindawo zokugcina izityalo zigxile ekugcinweni kobushushu, okwahluke kakhulu kwiingxaki ezikwiindawo ezishushu.
Ngokuphathelele ixesha lonyaka, ihlobo "liyintlekele yokushisa okuphezulu" kwii-greenhouses. Ngeli xesha, ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo kuyatshintsha, ubude bemini buyanda kwaye ukukhanya kwelanga kuya kuba namandla. Ngokomzekelo, eMntla Tshayina, ukukhanya kwemini ehlotyeni kunokufikelela kwiiyure ezili-14 ukuya kwezili-15. Uphahla lwegreenhouse lufumana ubushushu obuninzi, yaye ubushushu buyaqokelelana. Iqondo lokushisa liphakama ukusuka kusasa ukuya ebusuku kwaye kunzima ukutshabalalisa ebusuku, ukushiya izityalo kwimeko enzima yokushisa okuphezulu.
4, Izisombululo zokupholisa iiNdawo zokuHlala
Kukho iindlela ezisebenzayo zokupholisa ii-greenhouses. Ngokumalunga nomthunzi wokupholisa, amafama kwingingqi yaseJiangsu naseZhejiang azakubeka iminatha yomthunzi omnyama ngo-10:30 am ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu ukusuka ngoJulayi ukuya kuAgasti, eshiya isithuba esimalunga neesentimitha ezingama-20 phakathi kweminatha yomthunzi kunye nefilimu yegreenhouse ukwenza indawo yokungena umoya. Oku kunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nokusasaza ubushushu, ukwehlisa ubushushu kwi-greenhouse nge-5 ukuya kwi-8 degrees Fahrenheit, ukunceda iitumato, iipepile kunye nezinye izityalo ukuba ziphinde zikhule kakuhle. Nokuba "i-Chengfei Greenhouse" iye yamkela iikhonsepthi zokusebenza ezifanayo, ukulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo izibonelelo ze-shading ukuncedisa ekulawuleni ukushisa kwangaphakathi kunye nomswakama kunye nokuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo kwezityalo.
Ukungenisa umoya kwakhona kubalulekile, okufana nokutofa amandla kwi-greenhouse. Kwindlu eluhlaza yeentyatyambo kwidolophu yaseBeijing, abagadi begadi bavula phezulu kunye neendawo zokuvula ezisecaleni yonke imihla xa ubushushu buqala ukunyuka. Umoya oshushu uyakhutshwa, kwaye umoya omtsha kunye nekharbon diokside ungene, uphucula ubushushu kunye nokufuma. Iinyibiba ezikwindawo elungileyo ziya kuba neentyatyambo ezinkulu ezinemibala eqaqambileyo kunye nexesha elide lokudumba, ngelixa ezo zikwindawo ekungangeni moya ngazo kakuhle ziya kuba buthathaka kwaye zibune lula.
Ukutshiza ukupholisa nako kuyasebenza. Xa amafama etyala imidiliya kwizindlu zokugcina izityalo ezisemazantsi, atshiza amanzi ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ukujika kwamanzi abe ngumphunga kufunxa ubushushu kwaye kuthobe ubushushu. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wokutshiza kufuneka ulawulwe ngononophelo. Ukutshiza ngokugqithisileyo kuya kubangela ukufuma kunyuke ngaphezulu kwe 90%, okukhokelela kukungunda kunye nokubola kwamagaqa omdiliya. Ukusebenza okufanelekileyo kunokudala indawo efanelekileyo yobushushu kunye nokufuma ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okunempilo komdiliya.
Wamkelekile ukuba nengxoxo engaphaya kunye nathi.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-18-2025
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