Ukukhanya kunendima ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni kwezityalo. Ngokusebenzisa iphotosynthesis, izityalo ziguqula amandla okukhanya abe ngamandla ekhemikhali, axhasa uphuhliso lwazo kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziyimfuneko ukuze zikhule. Nangona kunjalo, izityalo ezahlukeneyo zineemfuno zokukhanya ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhanya kunye nokuqina kokukhanya akuchaphazeli nje isantya sokukhula kwezityalo kodwa kuchaphazela ukumila kwazo, ukudumba kweentyatyambo kunye neziqhamo. Kulimo lwe-greenhouse, ukukhetha i-spectrum efanelekileyo kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo kubalulekile ukwandisa isivuno kunye nomgangatho. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukuba imbonakalo yokukhanya eyahlukileyo kunye nokuqina okuchaphazela njani izityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuba abalimi begreenhouse banokulusebenzisa njani olu lwazi ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezityalo.
1. I-Spectrum yokuKhanya ikuchaphazela njani ukukhula kwezityalo?
I-spectrum yokukhanya ibhekiselele kuluhlu lwamaza okukhanya, kwaye inxalenye nganye ye-spectrum inempembelelo eyahlukileyo ekukhuleni kwezityalo. I-spectra yokukhanya eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, kunye nohlaza, kwaye nganye inefuthe elikhethekileyo kwizityalo.
1.1 Ukukhanya okuBlue
Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ubude obuphakathi kwe-450-495 nm) bubalulekile ekukhuleni kwesityalo, ngakumbi malunga nophuhliso lwamagqabi kunye nokumila kwezityalo ngokubanzi. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukhuthaza i-photosynthesis kunye ne-chlorophyll synthesis, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-photosynthesis. Kwimifuno enamagqabi njenge lettuce kunye nesipinatshi, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuluncedo ngakumbi ekwandiseni ubukhulu bamagqabi kunye nokuxinana.
1.2 Isibane esiBomvu
Ukukhanya okubomvu (ubude obuphakathi kwe-620-750 nm) ngomnye ukukhanya okubalulekileyo kwizityalo. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudubuleni, ekuqhameni, nakuphuhliso lwezityalo ngokubanzi. Ukukhanya okubomvu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwesiqu kwaye kuxhase ukuveliswa kwe-phytochrome, echaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo kunye nemijikelo yokuzala.
2. Ubunzulu bokukhanya kunye nempembelelo yayo ekukhuleni kwezityalo
Ngelixa i-spectrum yokukhanya ibalulekile, ubunzulu bokukhanya bukwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwezityalo. Ukukhanya kokukhanya kubhekiselele kubungakanani bokukhanya obukhoyo kwizityalo, kwaye kunokuchaphazela izinga lephotosynthesis, ubungakanani besityalo, kunye nempilo yonke yesityalo.
2.1 UkuKhanya okuPhakamileyo
Ukukhanya okuphezulu kokukhanya kukhuthaza i-photosynthesis eyomeleleyo, ekhokelela ekukhuleni kwezityalo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwanda kwesivuno. Izityalo ezifana neetumato kunye neepepile zifuna ukukhanya okuphezulu ukuze zivelise iziqhamo ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu kunokubangela uxinzelelo kwizityalo, okukhokelela ekutshisweni kwamagqabi okanye ukukhula okunqandekileyo. Kubalulekile ukulinganisa ukukhanya ukuze uqinisekise impilo yezityalo.
2.2 UkuKhanya okuNgamandla
Ukukhanya okuphantsi kunokunciphisa i-photosynthesis, okukhokelela ekukhuleni okucothayo kunye nezityalo ezincinci. Ngelixa ezinye izityalo, ezinje ngamagqabi athile aluhlaza, zinokunyamezela iimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi, izityalo ezininzi zidinga ukukhanya okwaneleyo ukuze zikhule. Abalimi be-Greenhouse banokongeza ukukhanya kwendalo ngokukhanyisa okwenziweyo, ngakumbi ngeenyanga zasebusika okanye kwimimandla enokukhanya okuncinci kwelanga.
3. Abavelisi beGreenhouse banokuziphucula njani iimeko zokukhanya?
Ngokuqonda impembelelo ye-spectrum yokukhanya kunye nokuqina, abalimi be-greenhouse banokwandisa iimeko zabo zokukhanya ukukhuthaza izityalo ezinempilo kunye nemveliso. Ukusebenzisa indibanisela yokukhanya kwendalo kunye nokwemvelo (njengezibane ezikhulayo ze-LED), abalimi banokudala indawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kwezityalo, baqinisekise ukuba ukukhanya kufumaneka kwiimali ezifanelekileyo kunye ne-spectrum ngamaxesha onke.
Ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo nobuchule, njengokulawula imijikelo yokukhanya nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ekhethekileyo yokukhanya, ukulima kwegreenhouse kunokuxhasa izityalo ezisempilweni unyaka wonke, kwanakwixesha lonyaka lokukhanya okuphantsi.
Wamkelekile ukuba nengxoxo engaphaya kunye nathi.
Email: info@cfgreenhouse.com
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Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-22-2024
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